Studi Literatur Regulasi dan Etika Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam Kebijakan Kedokteran Presisi (Precision Medicine)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37859/jf.v14i1.6836
Abstract
Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam dekade terakhir ini berhasil menjadi pusat perhatian para akademisi dan ilmuan. Tidak hanya akademisi dan ilmuan, tetapi AI juga berhasil merambat ke dalam dunia kesehatan dan kedoketaran. AI in precision medicine menjadi topik yang sangat viral diperbincangkan dalam berbagai forum ilmiah di belahan dunia. Akurasi dan ketapatan AI dalam membantu dokter melakukan diagnosis menjadi suatu topik penelitain yang sedang hangat diperbincangkan karena menyangkut etika dan regulasi dari AI itu sendiri. Maraknya penelitian yang mengkaji tentang regulasi dan etika dari AI dalam kedokteran presisi (precision-medicine) menjadi landasan penelitian ini utnuk meninjau ulang dan melakukan studi literatur yang bersumber pada database jurnal internasional bereputasi yaitu Scopus-database. Dalam studi literatur penelitian ini, kami menemukan beberapa aspek yang perlu diregulasikan dan ditinjau ulang kembali dari segi etika dari AI in precision medicine. Aspek yang ditemukan setelah melakukan review secara comprehensive seperti aspek transparansi dan penjelasan, privasi dan perlindungan data, aspek bias dan fairness, keselamatan dan keamanan, akuntabilitas dan tanggung jawab, serta kolaborasi dan standar global. Beberapa urgensi pentingnya etika AI dalam precision medicine juga dibahas dalam paper penelitian in, seperti kesetaraan dalam akses dan keterjangkauan, keselamatan pasien dan kualitas pelayanan, pengawasan peraturan dan kerangka hukum, efek jangka panjang dan konsekuensi, pendidikan dan kesadaran masyarakat. Selain daripada itu, dalam paper penelitian ini penulis juga memberikan pemaparan terkait trend-research dari AI in precision medicine yang diulas secara detail dan komprehensif.
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