Toxicity Test of 96% Ethanolic Extract of Agarwood Leaves (Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.) Using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) Method

Authors

  • Lusi Indriani Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau
  • Nurbaiti Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau
  • Ayu Rahmawati Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau
  • Anjela Lisfranisia Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau
Keywords: agarwood leaves; Aquilaria malaccensis; phytochemical screening; toxicity; BSLT

Abstract

Agarwood leaves (Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.) are medicinal plants that potentially contain bioactive compounds. This study aimed to determine the secondary metabolite content and toxicity potential of the 96% ethanolic extract of agarwood leaves using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The study was conducted experimentally through plant identification, simplicia preparation, extraction by maceration using 96% ethanol, characterization of simplicia and extract, phytochemical screening, and toxicity testing on Artemia salina Leach larvae. Toxicity testing was carried out at concentrations of 10, 20, 50, 100, and 1000 ppm with three replications. The results showed that the extract contained flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, and tannins. The characterization results showed total ash content of 7% in simplicia and 2.5% in extract, while drying shrinkage was 1% in simplicia and 28% in extract. Larva mortality increased with increasing extract concentration, namely 23.3%, 40.0%, 56.6%, 83.3%, and 96.6%. Probit analysis produced an LC50 value of 31.925 μg/mL, indicating that the 96% ethanolic extract of agarwood leaves categorized as extremely high toxicity in the BSLT assay.

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Published

2026-06-30

How to Cite

Lusi Indriani, Nurbaiti, Rahmawati, A., & Anjela Lisfranisia. (2026). Toxicity Test of 96% Ethanolic Extract of Agarwood Leaves (Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.) Using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) Method. The Journal Of Pharmacy, 3(2), 114–119. Retrieved from https://ejurnal.umri.ac.id/index.php/JFMu/article/view/12367

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Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): Journal Of Pharmacy UMRI

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