Comparison Of Random Forest Regressor And Decision Tree Regressor For Crop Yield Prediction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37859/coscitech.v6i2.9966
Abstract
Uncertainty in crop yields due to environmental factors remains a major challenge in Indonesia's agricultural sector. This study aims to compare the performance of the Random Forest Regressor and Decision Tree Regressor algorithms in predicting cultivated crop yields. The dataset used was sourced from Kaggle, consisting of 300,000 rows with features such as crop type, soil type, rainfall, fertilizer use, irrigation, and weather conditions. The system was developed using Python and Streamlit. The methodology includes data preprocessing, model training, and evaluation using the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) metric. The test results show that the Decision Tree Regressor achieved a lower MAE (0.43) compared to the Random Forest Regressor (0.48), resulting in more accurate predictions on this dataset. Feature analysis indicates that rainfall and crop type are the most influential factors. Although Random Forest is generally known for its stability, this study demonstrates that Decision Tree can outperform it within the context of the dataset used. The developed system is expected to assist farmers and policymakers in planning agricultural production more efficiently and in a data-driven manner.
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