Antipiretic Activity Test of Papaya Leaf Ethanol Extract (Carica Papaya L.) on Male White Mice (Mus Musculus)
Abstract
Fever is a condition characterized by an increase in body temperature above normal levels due to infection or inflammatory processes. The use of synthetic antipyretic drugs may cause adverse effects, necessitating alternative treatments derived from natural sources. Papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) contain secondary metabolites that are suspected to have antipyretic activity. This study aimed to determine the antipyretic activity of papaya leaf ethanol extract and the most effective dose in male white mice (Mus musculus). This experimental study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) involving 25 male white mice divided into five groups: negative control receiving 1% Na-CMC, positive control receiving ibuprofen 52 mg/kgBW, and treatment groups receiving papaya leaf ethanol extract at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBW. Fever was induced subcutaneously using a 40% bread yeast suspension. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey's Post Hoc test. The results showed that the extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins and was able to reduce body temperature at all tested doses. The 400 mg/kgBW dose showed the best antipyretic activity and was not significantly different from ibuprofen. In conclusion, papaya leaf ethanol extract has antipyretic activity, with 400 mg/kgBW being the most effective dose.
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