Photon: Jurnal Sain dan Kesehatan

Inventory of Stingless Bees in Customary Forest of Imbo Putui, Kampar Regency, Indonesia

Yana Yunisa Marsya — 2025-05-31

Information on stingless bee diversity in customary forest of Imbo Putui is still lacking so there is no data of stingless bees in the forest. The purpose of this study was to identify the species of stingless bees found in Imbo Putui customary forest. The search for stinglees bee nests was carried out using exploration method in three predetermined areas. The area was roadside (Zone I), inside the forest (Zone II), and around the river and oil palm plantation (Zone III). Data analysis was carried out quantitative descriptive. The result of the study found 7 species of stingless bees, 4 species of which with majority conservation status were found, namely Heterotrigona itama, Tetragonula laeviceps (yellow, black), Tetragonula drescheri and Tetragonilla collina. Meanwhile minority species found are Tetragonula iridepennis, Homotrigona fimbriata and Tetragonula testaceitarsis. Base on presence of 3 species that are classified as minorities found, it can be conclude that the ecosystem of Imbo Putui customary forest is still maintained and has not experienced significant changes.

Nut in Swiss Albino Mice Independently Assessed by the Forced Swim Test

Riryn Novianty — 2025-05-31

Depression is a global mental health issue and herbal antidepressants are increasingly sought due to the side effects of synthetic drugs. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of ethyl acetate extract of old areca nut in treating depression of mice subjected to acute and sub-chronic Forced Swim Test (FST). Ethyl acetate extract was injected intraperitoneally 1 h before the FST at a dose of 50 and 100 mg/kg. The 100 mg/kg dose showed the greatest reduction in immobility time (22.29%) during acute testing. Following seven days of treatment, it was discovered that the extract significantly alleviated the immobility time in sub-chronic FST. The results of the phytochemical analysis showed that phenolics present in the ethyl acetate extract are probably active constituents with antidepressant properties. After prolonged administration, the substance has no toxic effects on the bodies of test animals.

Review: Antioxidant Activity of Moringa Leaves (Moringa Oleifera)

Yuni Fatisa — 2025-05-31

Free radicals are generated in the human body from normal metabolic processes. Apart from that, environmental factors such as UV, infrared and visible light, environmental pollution, including ozone and particulate matter and oxidative stress. The antioxidant system in the body is responsible for neutralizing or reducing the impact of free radicals in the body. If these free radicals exceed the body's antioxidant capacity, it will result in oxidative stress. There are many natural alternatives to ward off free radicals, one of which is Moringa leaves. Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) are found in many tropical regions, one of which is Indonesia, where they have high antioxidant activity. The method used is a literature study which is reviewed one by one, after which the journals obtained are collected and the information is compiled by summarizing the contents of the journals used as sources. This article focuses on reviewing antioxidant phytochemical compounds and the level of antioxidant activity contained in Moringa leaves. The antioxidant compounds that are abundant in Moringa leaves are a group of flavonoid compounds, namely quercetin and kaempferol. The results showed that the highest antioxidant activity.

Synthesis of Manganese Oxide – Magnetite (Fe3O4) for The Degradation of Methylene Blue

Aulia Rizki Ramadhanti — 2025-05-31

Methylene blue is a dye that is challenging to break down in aquatic environments. A promising approach to degrade methylene blue involves using metal oxide-based materials. Magnetite (Fe₃O₄) is beneficial for easy separation after catalytic reactions, while manganese oxide is effective in oxidation processes. Combining manganese oxide and magnetite can create materials with synergistic properties that improve the degradation of methylene blue through photocatalytic mechanisms or modified Fenton reactions. The development of manganese-magnetite oxide (Fe₃O₄) composites offers a potential solution for efficient, eco-friendly, and reusable catalysts. This study aims to investigate the synthesis of manganese-magnetite oxide and its performance in methylene blue degradation as an innovative solution to water pollution. The MnOx-Fe₃O₄ composite was successfully synthesized using the hydrothermal method at 110°C for 6 hours. XRD results show that increasing Fe₃O₄ concentration enhances the Fe₃O₄ peak, while the Hausmanite peak disappears, overlapping with the Fe₃O₄ peak, as supported by SEM results. The MnOx-Fe₃O₄ composite (1:10 ratio) was most effective in degrading methylene blue, achieving 92% degradation of 100 mL of 20 ppm methylene blue with a catalyst concentration of 0.1 g and 5 mL of H₂O₂ using the Fenton method.

Effectiveness of Phytoremediation on Groundwater Contaminated with Cadmium Around Talang Gulo Landfill in Jambi Province

Shally Yanova — 2025-05-31

The Talang Gulo landfill site in Jambi City does not yet receive clean water services from PDAM, so the community uses dug wells to get water needs. The aim of this research is to analyze the heavy metal content in the well water of residents around the Talang Gulo TPA and determine the effectiveness of using water hyacinth plants (Eichhornia crassipes) in reducing the heavy metal Cadmium (Cd) content in the well water of residents around the Talang Gulo TPA. This research is experimental research and analysis of heavy metal concentrations using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Based on the research results, the metal concentrations of Cd, Fe, Cr and Cu in residents' well water were respectively 0.054 mg/L; 1.023 mg/L; 0.062 mg/L; and 0.509 mg/L. The level of contamination/pollution of Cd metal is in the highly polluted category, the highest compared to Fe, Cr and Cu metals. After phytoremediation was carried out using water hyacinth plants for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days, the highest level of effectiveness of water hyacinth plants in reducing Cd metal was obtained on the 21st day, namely 93.61%. So, it can be concluded that water hyacinth plants are very effective in reducing the concentration of Cd metal in well water.