Asian Macroeconomic Dynamics: The Role of Exchange Rates on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Exports

Ranti Darwin; Muhammad  Hidayat; M.Fikry Hadi; Neng Murialti; Rika Septianingsih

doi:10.37859/jae.v16i1.11718

Authors

Ranti Darwin Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau
Muhammad Hidayat Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau
M.Fikry Hadi Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau
Neng Murialti Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau
Rika Septianingsih Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37859/jae.v16i1.11718

Keywords: economic growth, exports, foreign direct investment, inflation, economic growth, exports, foreign direct investment, inflation, 3SLS

Abstract

This study examines the simultaneous relationship between GDP and exports in Asian countries and investigates the roles of FDI, inflation, CO₂ emissions, and exchange rates within the economic system. This topic is important because GDP and exports are key indicators of development that interact closely in an increasingly integrated global economy. The study employs panel data from selected Asian countries and applies the 3SLS method to address endogeneity and simultaneity problems. The results indicate that exports have a positive and significant effect on GDP, while GDP also positively influences exports. FDI, inflation, and CO₂ emissions positively affect GDP, whereas inflation and exchange rates positively influence exports. These findings confirm the existence of a reciprocal relationship between GDP and exports, supported by macroeconomic stability, investment expansion, and international trade competitiveness, providing important implications.

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