Analisis Efektivitas Arang Sekam Padi sebagai Adsorben dalam Pemurnian Biogas dari Kotoran Sapi

Abstract

Biogas is a renewable energy source produced through the anaerobic fermentation process of organic waste, especially cow dung, but its utilization is still limited due to the high content of impurity gases such as carbon dioxide (CO₂) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S). This study aims to evaluate the performance of rice husk charcoal as an adsorbent material in the process of improving biogas quality and to analyze the effect of variations in adsorbent mass and contact time on increasing methane (CH₄) content. The research method is carried out through three main stages, namely biogas production using an anaerobic digester, adsorbent synthesis through carbonization and chemical activation processes, and purification testing using an adsorption column system. The variations in adsorbent mass used are 100 g, 200 g, and 300 g, with contact times of 5, 10, and 15 minutes, respectively. The results show that the increase in adsorbent mass and contact time is directly proportional to the efficiency of CO₂ absorption. The CH₄ content increased from 58.2% to 78.6%, while CO₂ decreased from 34.5% to 18.2% under optimum conditions. The CO₂ absorption efficiency reached a maximum value of 47.25%. This performance occurred at an adsorbent mass of 300 g and a contact time of 15 minutes, indicating that rice husk charcoal has porous characteristics that can effectively enhance the adsorption process.