Penerapan Support Vector Machine dan Random Forest Classifier Untuk Klasifikasi Tingkat Obesitas
Abstract
Obesitas telah menjadi masalah kesehatan global yang semakin mengkhawatirkan, dengan 2.5 miliar penduduk dewasa mengalami kelebihan berat badan dan 890 juta teridentifikasi obesitas pada tahun 2022. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan membandingkan model klasifikasi tingkat obesitas menggunakan algoritma Support Vector Machine (SVM) dan Random Forest, serta menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi obesitas. Data yang digunakan berasal dari dataset publik yang terdiri dari 1610 records dengan 15 variabel yang mencakup karakteristik demografis, faktor keluarga, pola makan dan gaya hidup. Metodologi penelitian meliputi tahap pra-pemrosesan data, pembagian dataset dengan rasio 70:30 untuk data training dan testing, serta evaluasi performa menggunakan metrik evaluasi, presisi, recall dan f1-score. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Random Forest menghasilkan performa yang lebih unggul dengan akurasi 94%, meningkat 3% dari SVM yang mencapai akurasi 91.01%. Random Forest menunjukkan konsistensi yang lebih baik dalam klasifikasi seluruh kelas, khususnya mencapai hasil optimal untuk kelas 4 dengan presisi 100% dan recall 99%. Analisis faktor menunjukkan bahwa gaya hidup dan pola makan memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat obesitas. Model yang dikembangkan dapat diimplementasikan sebagai alat bantu dalam sistem kesehatan untuk memprediksi dan mengklasifikasikan tingkat obesitas secara akurat, memungkinkan intervensi yang lebih tepat sasaran berdasarkan faktor resiko yang terindentifikasi
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